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SPECIAL SOMATIC AFFERENT (SSA) PATHWAYS Hearing The organ of Corti with its sound-sensitive hair cells and basilar membrane are important parts of the sound transducing system for hearing. Mechanical vibrations of the basilar membrane generate membrane potentials in the hair cells which produce impulse patterns in the cochlear portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) Special somatic nerve fibers of cranial nerve VIII relay impulses from the sound recep…
1. Human papillomavirus types 6 and 11 → condyloma acuminta (venereal warts). 2. Molluscum contagiosum is characterized by a bowl shaped lesion filled with keratin, the latter containing the viral inclusions (molluscum bodies) in the squamous cells. …
Dentin Composition: 70% inorganic, 20% organic, 10% water by weight and 45%, 33%, and 22% in volume respectively Hydroxyapatite crystals and collagen type I Physical characteristics: Harder than bone and softer than enamel Yellow in color in normal teeth Radiographic appearance: More radiolucent than enamel Primary (circumpulpal) dentin: forms most of the tooth Mantle dentin: first dentin to form; forms the outline of dentin in the adult tooth Predentin:…
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in various biological processes, including development, tissue repair, immune regulation, and inflammation. Understanding its functions and mechanisms is essential for appreciating its significance in health and disease. Overview of TGF-β Half-Life: Active TGF-β has a very short half-lif…
Pit and Fissure Sealants Pit and fissure sealants are preventive dental materials applied to the occlusal surfaces of teeth to prevent caries in the pits and fissures. These sealants work by filling in the grooves and depressions on the tooth surface, thereby eliminating the sheltered environment where bacteria can thrive and cause decay. Classification Mitchell and Gordon (1990) classified pit and fissure sealants based on their composition and prope…
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NEET MDS