Study Notes

The Walls of the Orbit Each orbit has four walls: superior (roof), medial, inferior (floor) and lateral. The medial walls of the orbit are almost parallel with each other and with the superior part of the nasal cavities separating them. The lateral walls are approximately at right angles to each other…

Nephritic syndrome Characterized by inflammatory rupture of the glomerular capillaries, leaking blood into the urinary space. Classic presentation: poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. It occurs after a group A, β–hemolytic Streptococcus infection (e.g., strep throat.) Caused by autoantibodies forming immune complexes in the glomerulus. Clinical manifestations:  oliguria, hematuria, hypertension, edema, and azotemia (increased co…

Loperamide Similar chemically and pharmacologically to Diphenoxylate. Slows gastrointestinal motility by effects on the circular and longitudinal muscles of the intestine. Not well absorbed following oral administration. Useful in the treatment of diarrhea.…

THE DECIDUOUS DENTITION   I. The Deciduous Dentition -It is also known as the primary, baby, milk or lacteal dentition. diphyodont, that is, with two sets of teeth. The term deciduous means literally 'to fall off.'   There are twenty deciduous teeth that are classified into three classes. There are ten maxillary teeth and ten mandibular teeth. The dentition consists of incisors, canines and molars.…

Beta-Adrenergic blocking Agents  • Prototype - Propranolol  • Prevent or inhibit sympathetic stimulation – Reduces heart rate – Myocardial contractility  – Reduce BP - decreases myocardial workload and O2 demand  • In long-term management used to decrease frequency and severity of anginal attacks  • Added when nitrates do not prevent anginal episodes  • Prevents exercise induced tachy…