Study Notes

Cryptococcosis An infection acquired by inhalation of soil contaminated with the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans, which may cause a self-limited pulmonary infection or disseminate, especially to the meninges, but sometimes to the skin, bones, viscera, or other sites. Cryptococcosis is a defining opportunistic infection for AIDS, although patients with Hodgkin's or other lymphomas or sarcoidosis or those receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy…

The Parotid Glands The parotid glands are the largest of the three pairs of salivary glands. Each gland is wedged between the mandible and the sternocleidomastoid muscle and partly covers them. The parotid gland is wrapped with a fibrous capsule (parotid fascia) that is continuous with the deep investing fascia of the neck. Viewed superficially, the parotid gland is somewhat triangular in shape. Its apex is posterior to the angle of the ma…

Antibiotic protocol for prevention of endocarditis from dental procedures Local or no anaesthesia - Oral amoxicillin 3 g 1 hour before procedure - if allergic to penicillin or have had more than a single dose in previous month: oral clindamycin 600 mg 1 hour beforeprocedure - patients who have had endocarditis: amoxicillin and gentamycin, as under general anaesthesia General anaesthesia: no special risk - Amoxicillin 1 g intravenous at induction, the…

Sufentanil A synthetic opioid related to fentanyl. About 7 times more potent than fentanyl. Has a slightly more rapid onset of action than fentanyl.

Axial Compression in Bone Fixation Axial compression refers to a surgical technique used in the fixation of fractured bones, where the bony ends are brought into close proximity, minimizing the inter-fragmentary gap. This technique is crucial for achieving stable fixation and promoting optimal healing of fractures, particularly in the context of internal fixation using plates and screws. Key Concepts of Axial Compression Close Proximity of Bony…