Study Notes

Trace Elements Type Elements Cariogenic Selenium, Lead, Barium Protective Molybdenum, Vanadium Vitamin K Exhibits anti-cariogenic properties by inhibiting bacterial growth. Veillonella Considered anti-cariogenic due to lack of glycolytic enzymes; utilizes lactate produced by other bacteria.…

COMPOSITE RESINS Applications / Use Anterior restorations for aesthetics (class III, IV, V, cervical erosion abrasion lesions) Low-stress posterior restorations (small class I, II) Veneers Cores for cast restorations Cements for porcelain restorations Cements for acid-etched Maryland bridges Repair systems for composites or porcelains Polymerization--reaction of small molecules (monomers) into very large molecules (polymers) Cross-linkin…

First Generation Cephalosporins Prototype Drugs are CEFAZOLIN (for IV use) and CEPHALEXIN (oral use). 1. Staph. aureus - excellent activity against b-lactamase-producing strains Not effective against methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus & epidermidis 2. Streptococci - excellent activity versus Streptococcus sp. Not effective against penicillin-resistant Strep. pneumoniae 3. Other Gm + bacteria - excellent activity except for Enterococcus sp. 4. M…

Appliance/Concept Details Bionator types Standard, Class III, Open bite Twin block skeletal:dental expansion 40:60 Visual Treatment Objective Ricketts Monobloc Predecessor of Activator Box elastics Used for open bite correction High-pull headgear For open bite patients Denholtz appliance Lip bumper in maxillary arch Catalans appliance angulation 45° T…

Liver cirrhosis It is a chronic, progressive diffuse process characterized by  a. Hepatocellular necrosis            b. Replacement by fibrosis and inflammation  c. Hyperplasia of surviving liver cells forming regenerating nodules  d. Vascular derangement.  All these changes lead to loss of the normal liver architecture.  Pathology of cirrhosis At first the liver is enlarged or of normal size. Late…