Nasopalatine cyst

Radiology

The nasopalatine cyst appears as a well-defined, round radiolucency in the midline of the anterior maxilla . Sometimes it appears to be 'heart-shaped' because of super-imposition of the anterior nasal spine.

Radiological assessment should include examination of the lamina dura of the central incisors (to exclude a radicular cyst) and assessment of size (the nasopalatine foramen may reach a width of as much as 10 mm).

Pathology

The cyst is lined by a layer of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and/or stratified squamous epithelium. The capsule of the cyst is fibrous and may include the incisive canal neurovascular bundle.

Nasolabial cyst

Radiology

'Bowing' inwards of the anterolateral margin of the nasal cavity has been recorded

Pathology

The nasolabial cyst is lined by non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, which is often rich in mucous cells.

• Pioneer bacteria invade dentinal tubules before clinical signs
• Tubules contain pure forms:
  • One tubule → cocci
  • Adjacent tubule → bacilli or threads
• No mixed forms within a single tubule

Mnemonics Flashcards

 Benign Migratory Glossitis

• Also called Erythema migrans, wandering rash, or geographic tongue.

• Associated with fissured tongue.

Fissured Tongue

• Seen in:

  • Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

  • Down syndrome

  • Benign migratory glossitis

Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome

• Triad:

  • Bell’s palsy

  • Cheilitis granulomatosa (lip/facial swelling)

  • Fissured tongue

Ankyloglossia

• Tongue-tie may cause speech defects.

• Affects articulation of: l, r, t, d, n, th, sh, z

• Bull Neck: Seen in Diphtheria and Ludwig's Angina.

• Bull's Eye Lesion / Target Lesions: Characteristic of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Erythema Multiforme.

• Bull's Teeth: Refers to Taurodontism.

• Circus Rubber Man: Clinical appearance associated with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (due to hypermobility and skin elasticity).

• Claw Hands: A physical deformity seen in advanced Scleroderma.

• Coup de Sabre: A linear depression or groove resembling a "saber cut" seen in Facial Hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg Syndrome) and localized Scleroderma (linear scleroderma).

• CREST Syndrome: A limited form of Scleroderma, characterized by:

  • Calcinosis

  • Raynaud's phenomenon

  • Esophageal dysfunction

  • Sclerodactyly

  • Telangiectasias

• Crowe's Sign: Axillary or inguinal freckling seen in Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

• Frog Facies: A characteristic facial appearance seen in Crouzon Syndrome (due to midfacial hypoplasia and exophthalmos).

• Gorlin Sign: The ability to touch the tip of the nose with the tongue, seen in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (due to increased joint laxity).

• Hockey Stick Deformity of Femur and Shepherd's Crook Sign: Radiographic findings typically associated with Fibrous Dysplasia.

• Parrot's Beak Nose: A nasal deformity seen in Crouzon Syndrome.

• Red Strawberry Tongue and Pastia's Lines: Clinical signs characteristic of Scarlet Fever.

• Rodent Facies: A facial appearance often associated with Thalassemia.

• Simian Stance: A stooped posture, reminiscent of an ape, seen in Paget's Disease of Bone.

• Snail Track Ulcers: Serpiginous, grayish-white lesions on mucous membranes, characteristic of Syphilis (mucous patches in secondary syphilis).

• Socks Feet and Mitten Hands: Refers to syndactyly (fusion of digits) appearing like a sock or mitten, seen in Apert's Syndrome.

• Parrot Beak Shaped Nails: A nail deformity (onychogryphosis) seen in Congenital Syphilis.

• SLE → IgG, IgM, IgA deposits at BMZ + superficial lamina propria
• Lichen Planus (Erosive/Atrophic) → Autoimmune T-cell; BMZ involvement
• Cicatricial Pemphigoid → Subepidermal blistering from anti-BMZ antibodies