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Community Dentistry - 3 Questions
Stratified sampling is a probability sampling technique where the population is divided into homogeneous subgroups or "strata". A sample is then randomly selected from each stratum, which ensures that each subgroup is adequately represented in the final sample. This method helps to reduce sampling error and ensures more precise estimates of population characteristics compared to simple random sampling, especially when the population has natural variations or subgroups
In epidemiology, incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease or condition that occur within a specific time frame in a defined population. Dental caries, also known as tooth decay, is a common chronic condition where bacteria in the mouth produce acids that destroy the tooth enamel and underlying dentin, leading to cavities. The incidence of dental caries would be the number of new cases of tooth decay diagnosed within a given period, say a year or another time interval. Point prevalence, on the other hand, is the proportion of a population that has a specific condition at a particular point in time. It is a measure of the prevalence of dental caries at a single moment, which does not account for new cases or recoveries. Period prevalence is the proportion of the population that has had a particular condition during a specific period of time, such as a year or a month. This measure includes both new cases and cases that have persisted from before the start of the period in question.
The Sumerians, around 3000 BC, are considered the earliest civilization to show evidence of oral hygiene practices, such as using twigs as toothbrushes.
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