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NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test
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Practice Test

General Microbiology - 3 Questions

1
General Microbiology

What is the primary mode of action of exotoxins?
1) Enzymatic
2) Non-enzymatic
3) Structural disruption
4) Inhibition of protein synthesis

📝 Explanation:

The primary mode of action of exotoxins is enzymatic, as they often act as enzymes that modify or damage host cell functions.

2
General Microbiology

What does the Vi antigen of S. typhi confer upon the bacterium?

1) Resistance to antibiotics

2) Increased invasiveness

3) Resistance to phagocytosis

4) Resistance to acidic environment

📝 Explanation:

the Vi antigen of S. typhi confers upon the bacterium Resistance to phagocytosis. The Vi antigen is a polysaccharide capsule that protects the bacteria from being engulfed and destroyed by phagocytic white blood cells, contributing to its virulence.

3
General Microbiology

What is the name of the live oral vaccine for typhoid fever and what is its mechanism of action?

1) Typhoral, a Gal E mutant of S. typhi that "self-destructs" after a few cell divisions

2) CholeraVax, a killed whole-cell vaccine

3) Salmonellosis vaccine, a live attenuated strain of S. paratyphi

4) Shigellosis vaccine, a bacteriophage preparation

📝 Explanation:

the live oral vaccine for typhoid fever is Typhoralx, which is a Gal E mutant of S. typhi. The mechanism of action involves the attenuated bacteria colonizing the intestinal mucosa and inducing an immune response that protects against subsequent infection with the pathogenic strain.

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