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NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test

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pharmacology - 3 Questions

1
Pharmacology

Ipratropium bromide is useful in bronchial asthma because of

1)  Anticholinergic effect 
2)  Vasodilator properties
3)  Antiallergic action 
4)  Stabilization of mast cells

📝 Explanation:

Ipratropium (as ipratropium bromide, trade name Atrovent) is an anticholinergic drug administered by inhalation for the treatment of obstructive lung diseases. 

It acts by blocking muscarinic receptors in the lung, inhibiting bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion.

It is a non-selective muscarinic antagonist, and does not diffuse into the blood, which prevents systemic side effects. 

Ipratropium is a derivative of atropine[1] but is a quaternary amine and therefore does not cross the blood-brain barrier

2
Pharmacology

Which of the following statements is true regarding the phase III clinical trial of a drug?

1)  It is intended to determine drug efficacy and toxicity on a large number of patients
2)  It is performed only on primates
3)  It is performed with only a few volunteer subjects
4)  It is primarily intended to determine the LD50 of a drug

📝 Explanation:

Phase III studies are randomized controlled multicenter trials on large patient groups (300–3,000 or more depending upon the disease/medical condition studied) and are aimed at being the definitive assessment of how effective the drug is, in comparison with current 'gold standard' treatment.

3
Pharmacology

Morphine can be used in all the following conditions except: 

1) Head injury 
2) Asthma
3) Hypothyroidism 
4) Diabetes

📝 Explanation:

Morphine is contraindicated in head injury for the following reasons:

Causes carbondioxide retention – this in turn increases intracranial tension 
Therapeutic doses can cause respiratory depression in head injury patients Vomiting, miosis and altered mentation caused by morphine can interfere with assessment of neurological status


Morphine should be avoided in those with bronchial asthma as it can precipitate an attack of asthma. But it is not contraindicated 

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