NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test

1

Medicine

Craniospinal irradiation is useful in which of the following conditions?
1 Pilocytic astrocytoma
2 Oligodendroglioma
3 Medulloblastoma
4 Oncocytoma

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

Medulloblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that commonly occurs in children. Due to its tendency to spread along the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), craniospinal irradiation is an essential part of its treatment. Pilocytic astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas typically do not require this approach.

2

Medicine

A mother of two children of 5 and 6 years old developed amenorrhea and galactorrhea over the last 12 months. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
1. Pregnancy
2. Pituitary tumor
3. Sheehan�s syndrome
4. Hypothyroidism

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) and galactorrhea (breast milk production unrelated to childbirth or nursing) occurring simultaneously are classic symptoms of hyperprolactinemia, which is most commonly caused by a pituitary tumor (specifically a prolactinoma).

Pregnancy causes amenorrhea but not typically galactorrhea 5-6 years postpartum.

Sheehan's syndrome is pituitary hypofunction due to postpartum hemorrhage, resulting in absent or diminished milk production (agalactorrhea) and amenorrhea.

Hypothyroidism can sometimes cause galactorrhea and menstrual irregularities, but a pituitary tumor is a more likely diagnosis when both symptoms are prominent and persistent over 12 months.

3

Medicine

Following is increased on estrogen therapy
1. Triglyceride
2. Cholesterol
3. VLDL
4. LDL

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

1. Triglyceride � Increased Estrogen therapy stimulates hepatic VLDL production, which leads to an increase in plasma triglycerides. This is a well-known metabolic effect.

2. Cholesterol � Not consistently increased Estrogen tends to decrease total cholesterol and LDL, while increasing HDL. So this option is not correct.

3. VLDL � Increased (secondary to triglycerides) Estrogen increases hepatic secretion of VLDL, but the most clinically emphasized effect is the rise in triglycerides (since VLDL is the carrier of triglycerides).

4. LDL � Decreased Estrogen therapy lowers LDL cholesterol, which is considered a beneficial effect.

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