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NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test
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Medicine - 3 Questions

1
Medicine
Anion gap is not increased in
1. Acute Renal Failure
2. Lactic acidosis
3. Ketoacidosis
4. Diarrhea

📝 Explanation:

Diarrhea causes a loss of bicarbonate HCO3-, which leads to a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis.

The body compensates for the loss of the negative bicarbonate ions by retaining chloride ions Cl- to maintain electrical neutrality, resulting in hyperchloremic acidosis. Therefore, the anion gap, remains within the normal range.

2
Medicine
A 42-year-old patient with inferior wall acute MI developed shock and death. The cause is most likely to be
1. Right ventricular infarct
2. Myocardial rupture
3. Septal defect
4. Papillary muscle rupture

📝 Explanation:

An acute inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI) is most commonly caused by an occlusion of the right coronary artery, which supplies the inferior wall of the left ventricle and the right ventricle in most people. When the right ventricle is involved in the infarction, it can lead to right ventricular dysfunction, which severely impairs the heart's ability to pump blood to the lungs and subsequently to the rest of the body. This results in acute and progressive hemodynamic collapse and cardiogenic shock. Cardiogenic shock is the most common cause of death in patients with acute MI.

3
Medicine
A middle-aged patient presented with pain abdomen, wrist drop, and chronic constipation. Features of encephalopathy were also present. Peripheral blood smear showed punctate basophilia. The patient was a case of
1. Lead poisoning
2. Iron poisoning
3. Arsenic poisoning
4. Copper poisoning

📝 Explanation:

The symptoms described in the problem are characteristic of lead poisoning, which affects multiple systems in the body.

Gastrointestinal issues like abdominal pain (lead colic) and constipation are common.

Neurological effects include peripheral neuropathy, which can manifest as "wrist drop," and central nervous system effects leading to encephalopathy.

Hematological signs include anemia and punctate basophilia (also known as basophilic stippling) in red blood cells, which is a classic diagnostic feature.

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