NEET MDS Quiz - Practice Test

1

Medicine

Which of the following statements is true about cysts of Echinococcus in the lung?
1. Always associated with hepatic cyst
2. Rupture does not occurs
3. Calcification of the wall is seen
4. More common in the lower lobes than in the upper lobe

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

Pulmonary hydatid (Echinococcus) cysts are more common in the lower lobes than in the upper lobes.

2

Medicine

All the following are myopathies that involve the proximal muscles except
1. Polymyositis
2. Mytonic dystrophy
3. Spinomuscular atrophy
4. Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

Myotonic dystrophy is a unique myopathy because it primarily affects the distal muscles first (e.g., in the hands, feet, face, and neck), unlike the other options provided which are all known to primarily involve the proximal muscles (e.g., shoulders, hips, and thighs).

Polymyositis causes inflammation and weakness in the proximal muscles.

Spinomuscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disease leading to progressive proximal muscle weakness and atrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive proximal muscle weakness and wasting.

Myotonic dystrophy is the exception as it typically presents with distal weakness and myotonia (delayed muscle relaxation).

3

Medicine

A patient has history of recurrent hemoptysis, truncal obesity and cushingoid habitus and has increased ACTH not suppressible by Dexamethasone suppression test. Which of the following is most likely to be the diagnosis?��
1. Adrenal adenoma
2. Pituitary tumor��
3. Ectopic ACTH secreting tumor
4. Carcinoma thyroid

Option 1

Option 2

Option 3

Option 4

📝 Explanation:

The patient's clinical presentation points to Cushing's syndrome, characterized by truncal obesity and cushingoid habitus. The key diagnostic features leading to the specific diagnosis are:

Increased ACTH levels: Rules out primary adrenal causes like an adrenal adenoma (option 1), where ACTH levels would be suppressed.

Lack of suppression by dexamethasone: In Cushing's disease (pituitary tumor, option 2), high-dose dexamethasone typically suppresses ACTH and cortisol production. The absence of suppression suggests an ectopic source of ACTH.

Recurrent hemoptysis: This symptom (coughing up blood) is a strong indicator of a pulmonary source, such as a small cell lung carcinoma, which is a common cause of ectopic ACTH secretion.

Therefore, an ectopic ACTH-secreting tumor is the most likely diagnosis.

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